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Sputum culture reversion in longer treatments with bedaquiline, delamanid, and repurposed drugs for drug-resistant tuberculosis.

Kho S Seung KJ Huerga H Bastard M Khan PY Mitnick CD Rich ML Islam S Zhizhilashvili D Yeghiazaryan L Nikolenko EN Zarli K Adnan S Salahuddin N Ahmed S Vargas ZHR Bekele A Shaimerdenova A Tamirat M Gelin A Vilbrun SC Hewison C Khan U Franke M
Nature communications 2024 May 09; 15(1); . doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-48077-8. Epub 2024 05 09

Abstract

Sputum culture reversion after conversion is an indicator of tuberculosis (TB) treatment failure. We analyze data from the endTB multi-country prospective observational cohort (NCT03259269) to estimate the frequency (primary endpoint) among individuals receiving a longer (18-to-20 month) regimen for multidrug- or rifampicin-resistant (MDR/RR) TB who experienced culture conversion. We also conduct Cox proportional hazard regression analyses to identify factors associated with reversion, including comorbidities, previous treatment, cavitary disease at conversion, low body mass index (BMI) at conversion, time to conversion, and number of likely-effective drugs. Of 1,286 patients, 54 (4.2%) experienced reversion, a median of 173 days (97-306) after conversion. Cavitary disease, BMI 

© 2024. The Author(s).

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