A double-blind controlled trial was undertaken from August 1990 to February 1991 among Karen children on the Thai-Burmese border to evaluate the effects on malaria incidence and prevalence of permethrin-treated bed nets.
The safety and immunogenicity of vaccines are demonstrated before they are made available to doctors and the public. However, the protective activity against the disease for which a vaccine was designed can only be accurately measured in field trials.
Meningococcal meningitis epidemics are a major health problem in sub-saharan Africa where they account for thousands of deaths and cause morbidity in hundreds of thousands of people. Meningitis is caused by Neisseria meningitidis.
From October 1, 1990, until April 28, 1991, 13,578 cases of measles were reported in the urban community of Niamey, Niger.
Between February and October 1990, 18,276 cases of pellagra dermatitis (due to niacin deficiency) were reported among 285,942 Mozambican refugees in Malawi.
A seroprevalence survey of viral hepatitis was conducted in Bucharest, Romania, between April and July 1990 on a systematic sample of 1355 persons drawn from the general population and groups at higher risk of infection.
The three main metabolites of niacin have been measured in urine of 10 Mozambican women living in refugee camps in Malawi and displaying clinical symptoms of pellagra.
