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Retrospective mortality surveys carried out among Sudanese refugees in Chad by Epicentre document the scale of the wave of violence that swept through the region mid-year, while atrocities have continued in recent months in the region of El Geneina, the capital of West Darfur.

An Epicentre study describes the very good acceptance by patients of the use of urine to diagnose tuberculosis. As this fluid is easy to obtain, it was possible to carry out urine tests for tuberculosis in almost all the patients in the study.

The first study in real conditions following vaccination against hepatitis E in an epidemic situation, which took place in the Bentiu camp in South Sudan, reports in Plos Negleted Tropical Diseases that the vaccine was well accepted and that there were no serious side-effects. These results give renewed hope for this disease, for which there is no treatment and which can be considered a neglected disease since it affects the most vulnerable populations and receives very little funding.

Faced with the alarming mortality and malnutrition rates revealed by an Epicentre assessment in the Zamzam camp in North Darfur, MSF is calling for an urgent and massive mobilisation of the international community to save lives.