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Effect of smoking on drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment outcomes and exploring potential pathways: A multicountry cohort study.

Abstract

People who smoke are at increased risk of unfavorable tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes compared with those who do not, but the pathways explaining this effect are unclear.

Romo ML LaHood A Stagg HR Mitnick CD Trevisi L Hewison C Padayachee S Flores EH Oyewusi L Khan PY Huerga H Bastard M Rich ML Tefera GB Rashitov M Kirakosyan O Krisnanda A Toktogonova A Siddiqui MR Gómez-Restrepo C Kotrikadze T Franke MF
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences 2025 Aug 24; . doi: 10.1101/2025.08.20.25334077. Epub 2025 08 24
Lost to Follow-Up Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Tobacco Smoking Treatment Adherence and Compliance Tuberculosis

Characterizing treatment adherence trajectories in the endTB multisite cohort of drug-resistant tuberculosis patients: an application of group-based trajectory modelling.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In tuberculosis (TB) care, adherence is often assessed using a simple 80% threshold, which may overlook meaningful patterns.

Law S Fulcher I Ashraf S Bastard M Docteur W Franke M Guerra D Hewison C Huerga H Khan M Khan P Khan U Kliescikova J Kumsa A Lomtadze N Putri FA Rich ML Seung K Skrahina A Tamirat M Vo LNQ Mitnick CD
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2025 Aug 22; . doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaf467. Epub 2025 08 22
MDR-TB Tuberculosis adherence directly observed therapy group-based trajectory models

Diagnostic performance and kinetics of hepatitis E viral RNA and IgM antibody test positivity in a genotype 1 outbreak in South Sudan.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Diagnostics are essential for understanding hepatitis E epidemiology, but the field performance of available tests remains unclear.

Koyuncu A Nesbitt R Alvarez C Asilaza KV Wamala J Haile M Gignoux E Albela M Gurley ES Loro FB Biem D Rull M Rumunu J Ciglenecki I Eckerle I Azman AS
The Journal of infectious diseases 2025 Aug 14; . doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaf436. Epub 2025 08 14
diagnostics hepatitis E hepatitis E virus (HEV)

Clinical outcomes of internal fixation orthopaedic surgery in humanitarian settings: a retrospective cohort study at the Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) trauma centre in Aden, Yemen.

Abstract

PURPOSE: The Aden Trauma Centre in Yemen, supported by Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), introduced internal fixation (IF) procedures to address the high burden of fractures as a result of road traffic accidents and conflict-related inju

Malaeb R Hussain T Ayyash F Abdullah A Ahmed HS Abdulrahman K Al Haj A Bin Shahna H Zelikova E Hassanin I Poulet E Herard P Fakhri R
International orthopaedics 2025 Aug 13; . doi: 10.1007/s00264-025-06616-y. Epub 2025 08 13
Bone union Humanitarian settings Internal fixation Orthopedic surgery

Acquisition of Escherichia coli carrying extended-spectrum ß-lactamase and carbapenemase genes by hospitalised children with severe acute malnutrition in Niger.

Abstract

Hospitalisation and routine antibiotic treatment are recommended for children with complicated severe acute malnutrition (SAM) but this may exacerbate antimicrobial resistance.

Sands K Lankapalli AK Lai G Hassan B Portal EA Mathias JA Boostrom I Li M Cook K Premchand-Branker S Jones LS Sayinzonga-Makombe N Isanaka S Kanapathipillai R Mambula C Mouniaman I Langendorf C Walsh TR Spiller OB
Nature communications 2025 Aug 01; 16(1); . doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-61718-w. Epub 2025 08 01

Performance evaluation of the Mini-Lab, an all-in-one clinical bacteriology laboratory adapted to low-resource settings, in a district hospital in Central African Republic: a prospective descriptive study.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Médecins sans Frontières designed an all-in-one microbiology laboratory (the "Mini-Lab") to improve bacterial infections diagnosis in low-resource settings by non-expert laboratory staff.

Langendorf C Ronat JB Natale A Vidal T Kodo H Oueslati S Baillet B Franquesa C Kouassi F Rafai CD Dierberg K Kanapathipillai R Michel J Jacobs J Naas T Vandenberg O
International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases 2025 Jul 29; . doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2025.108001. Epub 2025 07 29
antimicrobial resistance blood culture low-resource settings microbiology laboratory sepsis

Bedaquiline, delamanid, linezolid, and clofazimine for rifampicin-resistant and fluoroquinolone-resistant tuberculosis (endTB-Q): an open-label, multicentre, stratified, non-inferiority, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR) tuberculosis (ie, multidrug-resistant or rifampicin-resistant with additional resistance to any fluoroquinolone) is difficult to treat.

Guglielmetti L Khan U Velásquez GE Gouillou M Ali MH Amjad S Kamal F Abubakirov A Ardizzoni E Baudin E Bektassov S Berry C Bonnet M Chavan V Coutisson S Dakenova Z de Jong BC Dinh LV Ferlazzo G Kirakosyan O Lachenal N Lecca L McIlleron H Mikanda KK Mucching-Toscano S Mulders W Mushtaque H Nahid P Nguyen DV Nguyen NV Oyewusi L Motta I Panda S Patil S Pham TH Phan DT Phan HTT Phillips PPJ Ruiz J Rupasinghe P Salahuddin N Sanchez-Garavito E Seung KJ Asfaw MT Vargas Vasquez D Rich ML Varaine F Mitnick CD
The Lancet. Respiratory medicine 2025 Jul 16; . doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(25)00194-8. Epub 2025 07 16

Diagnostic criteria for severe acute malnutrition and fatal outcomes in children aged 6-59 months, Nigeria.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine factors associated with inpatient death among a cohort of children aged 6-59 months with severe acute malnutrition in north-western Nigeria.

Grellety E Simons E Mousset M Roederer T Amakade-Woyengba AP Malwal S Adebayo OJ Guais B Lacharité MO Manangama G Nass NS
Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2025 Jul 01; 103(7); . doi: 10.2471/BLT.24.292143. Epub 2025 06 10

High mortality and violence among refugees and returnees from West Darfur, Sudan arriving in Chad, 2023: results from three retrospective mortality surveys.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Fighting erupted on 15 April 2023 in Sudan between the army and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces. By September 2023, more than 420 000 people had fled to Chad.

Simons E Ouedraogo P Garnier C Nicolet C Sayyad-Hilario J Villet E Mahamoud AA Tubiana J Grellety E
BMJ global health 2025 Jun 27; 10(6); . doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2024-016668. Epub 2025 06 27
Cross-sectional survey Epidemiology Global Health Public Health

Centrifuge-free stool processing methods for Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra tuberculosis diagnosis in children in Uganda and Zambia: an observational, prospective, diagnostic accuracy study.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: WHO recommends Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra) for stool testing for tuberculosis diagnosis in children.

Lounnas M Masama EN Beneteau S Kasakwa K Kaitano R Nabeta P Ruhwald M De Haas P Tiemersma EW Nduna B Nicol MP Eyangoh S Wobudeya E Mwanga-Amumpaire J Chabala C Marcy O Bonnet M
The Lancet. Microbe 2025 Jun 23; . doi: 10.1016/j.lanmic.2024.101055. Epub 2025 06 23